一、安装

1、查看系统中是否已安装mysql

[root@master ~]# yum list installed mysql*已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-managerThis system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.Determining fastest mirrorsbase                                                                                      | 3.7 kB     00:00     extras                                                                                    | 3.4 kB     00:00     updates                                                                                   | 3.4 kB     00:00     updates/primary_db                                                                        | 1.5 MB     00:00     已安装的软件包mysql-libs.x86_64              5.1.71-1.el6               @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201311111358.x86_64/6.5[root@master ~]# yum list mysql*已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-managerThis system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile已安装的软件包mysql-libs.x86_64                5.1.71-1.el6             @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201311111358.x86_64/6.5可安装的软件包MySQL-python.x86_64              1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6       base                                                   mysql.x86_64                     5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-bench.x86_64               5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-connector-java.noarch      1:5.1.17-6.el6           base                                                   mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64      5.1.5r1144-7.el6         base                                                   mysql-devel.i686                 5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-devel.x86_64               5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-embedded.i686              5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-embedded.x86_64            5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-embedded-devel.i686        5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64      5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-libs.i686                  5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-libs.x86_64                5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-server.x86_64              5.1.73-3.el6_5           base                                                   mysql-test.x86_64                5.1.73-3.el6_5           base

2、查看现有安装包

[root@master ~]# yum list mysql*已加载插件：fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-managerThis system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile已安装的软件包mysql.x86_64                                              5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    @basemysql-devel.x86_64                                        5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    @basemysql-libs.x86_64                                         5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    @basemysql-server.x86_64                                       5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    @base可安装的软件包MySQL-python.x86_64                                       1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6                                base mysql-bench.x86_64                                        5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-connector-java.noarch                               1:5.1.17-6.el6                                    base mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64                               5.1.5r1144-7.el6                                  base mysql-devel.i686                                          5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-embedded.i686                                       5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-embedded.x86_64                                     5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-embedded-devel.i686                                 5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64                               5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-libs.i686                                           5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base mysql-test.x86_64                                         5.1.73-3.el6_5                                    base [root@master ~]#

3、安装mysql服务器段

[root@master ~]# yum install mysql-devel.x86_64 [root@master ~]# yum install mysql-server.x86_64

4、安装mysql客户端（可选）

[root@master ~]# yum install mysql

二、配置

1、设置默认字符和引擎

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

在[mysqld]下添加

default-character-set=utf8default-storage-engine=INNODB

三、启动和关闭

1、启动和关闭

[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop停止 mysqld：                                              [确定]

2、查看mysql启动状态

[root@master ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld statusmysqld (pid  32567) 正在运行...

3、开机启动

[root@master ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqlmysqld          0:关闭 1:关闭 2:关闭 3:关闭 4:关闭 5:关闭 6:关闭[root@master ~]#

[root@master ~]# chkconfig add mysqldchkconfig 版本 1.3.49.3 - 版权 (C) 1997-2000 Red Hat, Inc.在 GNU 公共许可的条款下，本软件可以被自由发行。用法：   chkconfig [--list] [--type 
    
     ] [name]         chkconfig --add 
     
               chkconfig --del 
      
                chkconfig --override 
       
                 chkconfig [--level 
        
         ] [--type 
         
          ] 
          
            
           
            [root@master ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
           
          
         
        
       
      
     
    

[root@master ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

[root@master ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqlmysqld          0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭[root@master ~]#

更多安装配置相关详情，参看原博文：

四、启动mysql

[root@master ~]# mysqlERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

问题原因：未启动mysql

1、启动mysql

[root@master ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定]

[root@master ~]# mysqlWelcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.1.73 Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status--------------mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1Connection id:  2Current database: Current user:  root@localhostSSL:   Not in useCurrent pager:  stdoutUsing outfile:  ''Using delimiter: ;Server version:  5.1.73 Source distributionProtocol version: 10Connection:  Localhost via UNIX socketServer characterset: utf8Db     characterset: utf8Client characterset: latin1Conn.  characterset: latin1UNIX socket:  /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockUptime:   10 secThreads: 1  Questions: 5  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.500--------------

五、mysql的使用

1、查看mysql帮助信息

mysql> \hFor information about MySQL products and services, visit:   http://www.mysql.com/For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:   http://dev.mysql.com/To buy MySQL Enterprise support, training, or other products, visit:   https://shop.mysql.com/List of all MySQL commands:Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'?         (\?) Synonym for `help'.clear     (\c) Clear the current input statement.connect   (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.edit      (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.ego       (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.exit      (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.go        (\g) Send command to mysql server.help      (\h) Display this help.nopager   (\n) Disable pager, print to stdout.notee     (\t) Don't write into outfile.pager     (\P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.print     (\p) Print current command.prompt    (\R) Change your mysql prompt.quit      (\q) Quit mysql.rehash    (\#) Rebuild completion hash.source    (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.status    (\s) Get status information from the server.system    (\!) Execute a system shell command.tee       (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.use       (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.charset   (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.warnings  (\W) Show warnings after every statement.nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.For server side help, type 'help contents'mysql>

2、退出mysql

mysql> \qBye[root@master ~]#

3、启动、停止、重启mysql

[root@master phpmyadmin]# service mysqld start正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定]

[root@master phpmyadmin]# service mysqld stop停止 mysqld：                                              [确定]

[root@master phpmyadmin]# service mysqld restart停止 mysqld：                                              [确定]正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定][root@master phpmyadmin]#

4、设置root用户密码

刚安装好Mysql，超级用户root是没有密码的，故直接回车即可进入到mysql中，mysql的提示符：mysql>

[root@master phpmyadmin]# mysql -u root

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("123456");Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5、输入用户名，密码登陆mysql

[root@master phpmyadmin]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:

6、连接到远程主机master上的mysql（本机名：master）

[root@master phpmyadmin]# mysql -h master -u root -pEnter password: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'master' (using password: YES)[root@master phpmyadmin]#

更多资料参看：